[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":76},["ShallowReactive",2],{"dataset-tables-tanpopo":3,"mission-tanpopo":6},{"ja":4,"en":5},"| 観測装置\u002Fデータ    | ID                                                               | 概要                            |\n|:-------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------|\n| Capture Panel (CP) | [tanpopo-sample-data](..\u002F..\u002Fdatasets\u002Fdarts:tanpopo-sample-data\u002F) | たんぽぽ 宇宙捕集サンプルデータ |","| Instruments\u002FData   | ID                                                               | Summary                            |\n|:-------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------|\n| Capture Panel (CP) | [tanpopo-sample-data](..\u002F..\u002Fdatasets\u002Fdarts:tanpopo-sample-data\u002F) | Tanpopo space-captured sample data |",{"@context":7,"@type":8,"@id":9,"name":10,"url":11,"keywords":12,"hasPart":21,"isAccessibleForFree":25,"temporalCoverage":26,"citation":27,"articleBody":70},"https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org\u002F","Dataset","darts:tanpopo-collection","Tanpopo on JEM-EF","https:\u002F\u002Fdarts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fmissions\u002Ftanpopo\u002F",[13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20],"mission:TANPOPO","field:Astrobiology","observation:Microbe","observation:CosmicDust","target:Space experiments","other:ISS","other:Kibo","other:JEM-EF",[22],{"@id":23,"name":24,"shortName":24},"darts:tanpopo-sample-data","Tanpopo space-captured sample data",true,"2015\u002F2018",[28,34,38,41,44,48,52,56,61,64,67],{"@type":29,"keywords":30,"inLanguage":31,"url":32,"description":33},"CreativeWork","MissionOverviewPaper","en","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1089\u002Fast.2020.2426","Yamagishi, A. et al. (2021) Astrobiology - Scientific Targets of Tanpopo: Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments at the Japanese Experiment Module Exposed Facility of the International Space Station",{"@type":29,"keywords":35,"inLanguage":31,"url":36,"description":37},"InstrumentPaper","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1089\u002Fast.2020.2430","Yamagishi, A et al. (2021) Astrobiology - Four-Year Operation of Tanpopo: Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments on the JEM Exposed Facility of the International Space Station",{"@type":29,"keywords":35,"inLanguage":31,"url":39,"description":40},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10971-015-3857-3","Tanabe, M. et al. (2016) Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology - Ultralow-density double-layer silica aerogel fabrication for the intact capture of cosmic dust in low-Earth orbits",{"@type":29,"keywords":35,"inLanguage":31,"url":42,"description":43},"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2187\u002Fbss.33.7","Sasaki, S. et al. (2019) Biological Sciences in Space - Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of an Aerogel Processor CLOXS for the Astrobiology Mission Tanpopo",{"@type":29,"keywords":45,"inLanguage":31,"url":46,"description":47},"InstrumentDescription","https:\u002F\u002Fdarts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fmissions\u002Ftanpopo\u002Finstruments.html","Tanpopo Instruments",{"@type":29,"keywords":49,"inLanguage":31,"url":50,"description":51},"ObservationList","https:\u002F\u002Fdata.darts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fpub\u002Ftanpopo\u002Fdoc\u002FTanpopo1_CaptureExperiment_samplelist_v1.pdf","Tanpopo Sample List",{"@type":29,"keywords":53,"inLanguage":31,"url":54,"description":55},"PublicationList","https:\u002F\u002Fdarts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fmissions\u002Ftanpopo\u002Fpublications.html","Tanpopo Selected Publications",{"@type":29,"keywords":57,"inLanguage":58,"url":59,"description":60},"MiscellaneousLink","ja","https:\u002F\u002Fja.tanpopo.space\u002F","Official Tanpopo Series Homepage",{"@type":29,"keywords":57,"inLanguage":58,"url":62,"description":63},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ls.toyaku.ac.jp\u002F~lcb-7\u002Ftanpopo\u002Findex.html","Tanpopo Mission at Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences [~2016]",{"@type":29,"keywords":57,"inLanguage":31,"url":65,"description":66},"https:\u002F\u002Farcspace.jp\u002Ftanpopo1\u002Findex.html","Tanpopo Database Development at the University of Aizu",{"@type":29,"keywords":57,"inLanguage":58,"url":68,"description":69},"https:\u002F\u002Fhumans-in-space.jaxa.jp\u002Fbiz-lab\u002Fexperiment\u002Fef\u002Fexham\u002Findex.html","About ExHAM at JAXA (in Japanese) ",[71,74],{"@value":72,"@language":58,"encodingFormat":73},"## 概要\n\nたんぽぽ計画は、2015年から国際宇宙ステーション（ISS）の「きぼう」船外実験プラットホームに設置された実験装置を用いて行われた「有機物・微生物の宇宙曝露」と「宇宙塵・微生物の捕集」実験です。たんぽぽ搭載を機に開発され、曝露部の手すりに固定された「簡易宇宙曝露装置（ExHAM）」に、実験用パネルを取り付けて宇宙空間での曝露が行われました。\n\nたんぽぽの科学目標は、「生命の原材料となる有機物の宇宙塵による地球への輸送」と「地球生命が惑星間を移動する可能性」の両方を検証することです。全国26カ所の大学・研究機関の研究者がチームを組んで、様々なアプローチから研究に取り組んでいます。\n\n## 観測装置\n\n### Exposure Panel (EP)\nEPと呼ばれる曝露パネルは、10 cm × 10 cm × 2 cm の大きさで、20個の暴露ユニットで構成されており、個々の曝露ユニットには宇宙空間の微生物あるいは有機物が保持されます。\n\n### Capture Panel (CP)\nCPは、宇宙空間を移動する高速の微粒子を捕集するパネルです。衝突時の変性をできる限り抑えて捕捉するために、超低密度のシリカエアロゲルを用いています。外側を3倍の密度のエアロゲルで囲って壊れないようにしています。\n\nより詳細な説明は[こちらのページ（英語）](https:\u002F\u002Fdarts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fmissions\u002Ftanpopo\u002Finstruments.html)をご覧ください。\n\n\n## 得られた成果(期待される成果)\n実験機器はそれぞれ一定期間(1~3年)後に宇宙空間から「きぼう」与圧部内に取り込まれたのち、地球に帰還しました。\n\nEPによる曝露実験では、1年間宇宙空間に曝露した放射線耐性菌と乾燥耐性菌の培養の結果が報告され、2-3年曝露した試料の解析により経年変化を調べ、微生物が何年くらい宇宙を移動できるかの研究をしています。\n\nCPによる捕集実験では、高速で衝突してきた微粒子の痕 (0.1 mm よりも大きい痕)が 300 個以上見つかり、日本の多数の研究者が分析をすすめています。衝突痕の全データの詳細と解析結果は、会津⼤学にてデータベース化の準備が進められています。\n","markdown",{"@value":75,"@language":31,"encodingFormat":73},"## Overview\n\nThe Tanpopo Mission, conducted from 2015, involves experiments on the \"exposure of organic matter and microorganisms to space\" and the \"collection of cosmic dust and microorganisms\" using experimental equipment installed on the Exposed Experiment Handrail Attachment Mechanism (ExHAM) of the Japanese Experiment Module \"Kibo\" on the International Space Station (ISS). This simple space exposure device, fixed to the handrail of the ExHAM, holds experimental panels exposed to the space environment.\n\nThe scientific objectives of the Tanpopo Mission are to verify both the \"transportation of organic matter, the building blocks of life, to Earth via cosmic dust\" and the \"possibility of interplanetary transfer of terrestrial life.\" Researchers from 26 universities and research institutions across Japan are collaborating on this project, employing various approaches.\n\n## Observation Instruments\n\n### Exposure Panel (EP)\nThe Exposure Panel (EP) consists of 20 exposure units, each measuring 10 cm × 10 cm × 2 cm. These units contain microorganisms or organic matter that are exposed to the space environment.\n\n### Capture Panel (CP)\nThe Capture Panel (CP) is designed to collect high-speed particles traveling through space. It uses ultra-low-density silica aerogel to minimize deformation upon impact. The outer layer is reinforced with aerogel of three times the density to prevent breakage.\n\nPlease see more details in [this page](https:\u002F\u002Fdarts.isas.jaxa.jp\u002Fmissions\u002Ftanpopo\u002Finstruments.html).\n\n\n## Achievements (Expected Outcomes)\nThe experimental devices were retrieved from space after a certain period (1 to 3 years) and brought back to Earth after being taken into the pressurized section of \"Kibo.\"\n\nThe exposure experiment using the EP has reported results from culturing radiation-resistant and desiccation-resistant bacteria exposed to space for one year. Analysis of samples exposed for 2-3 years is ongoing to study changes over time, focusing on how long microorganisms can survive space travel.\n\nThe capture experiment using the CP has found over 300 traces of high-speed particle impacts (larger than 0.1 mm). Numerous researchers in Japan are analyzing these traces. Detailed data and analysis results of the impact traces are being prepared for a database at Aizu University.\n\nThe Tanpopo Mission continues to contribute valuable data for understanding the potential for interplanetary transfer of life and the delivery of life's building blocks to Earth via cosmic dust.",1780296733548]